Breast periprosthetic fluid collections are a relatively common finding after breast implant surgery and may arise from a range of benign, infectious, mechanical, or malignant causes. Appropriate evaluation and timely management are essential to ensure patient safety and to distinguish normal postoperative findings from conditions requiring urgent intervention, including breast implant–associated malignancies.

This ISAPS Patient Safety Update provides consensus-based guidance on the assessment and management of early and late breast periprosthetic fluids, emphasizing diagnostic pathways, risk stratification, and evidence-informed clinical decision-making.